Reginald H. Garrett received his education in the Baltimore city public schools and at the Johns Hopkins University, where he earned his Ph.D. in biology in 1968. Over the years, he has conducted research and taught biochemistry courses at the University of Virginia, where he currently holds the position of Biology Professor. He has authored numerous papers and research articles on biochemical, genetic, and molecular aspects of inorganic nitrogen metabolism. His early studies focused on the nitrate assimilation pathway in filamentous fungi. His findings have significantly contributed to our comprehension of the enzymology, genetics, and control of this major natural nitrogen acquisition pathway. More recently, he has collaborated on interdisciplinary studies regarding the metabolic foundation of diet-related ailments. His research has been funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and private industry. A member of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Garrett is a former Fulbright Scholar, has been a Visiting Scholar at the University of Cambridge twice, and was a Visiting Professor at the University of Toulouse, France.
Charles M. Grisham received his Bachelor of Science in chemistry from the Illinois Institute of Technology in 1969 and his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1973. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at the Institute for Cancer Research in Philadelphia, he joined the faculty as a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Virginia, where he teaches biochemistry, introductory chemistry, and physical chemistry. He has published numerous papers and research articles on active transport of sodium, potassium, and calcium in mammalian systems, protein kinase C, and the application of NMR and EPR spectroscopy to the study of biological systems. His work has received funding from various organizations including the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, the Muscular Dystrophy Association of America, the Research Corporation, the American Heart Association, and the American Chemical Society. A member of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Grisham held the Knapp Chair in Chemistry at the University of San Diego in 1999; he was a Visiting Scientist at the Aarhus University Institute of Physiology in Aarhus, Denmark, for two years, and received a Research Career Development Award from the National Institutes of Health.
Table of Contents
1. The Principles of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Natural Phenomena
2. H2O: The Primary Liquid for Living
3. Thermodynamics in Natural Systems
4. Amino Acids and the Linkage of Peptides
5. Proteins: Their Key Structure and Biological Functions
6. Proteins: Secondary Structures, Tertiary Structures, and Quaternary Structures
7. Sugars and the Glycoconjugates of Cellular Surfaces
8. Fats
9. Cell Membranes and the Transport across them
10. Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids
11. Assembly of Nucleic Acids
12. Creation of New DNA, Cloning Techniques, Hybrid Genes, and Synthetic Biology
13. Enzymes—Activities and Specificities
14. Mechanisms underlying Enzyme Function
15. Control of Enzyme Activity
16. Molecular Machinery
17. Metabolism: An Introduction
18. Breakdown of Glucose: Glycolysis
19. The TCA Cycle
20. ETC and how it Drives ATP Synthesis
21. Sunlight Utilization: Photosynthesis
22. Synthesis of Glucose from Scratch, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway
23. Breakdown of Fatty Acids
24. Creation of Fats
25. Obtaining Nitrogen and Processing Amino Acids
26. Production and Breakdown of Nucleotides
27. Blending Metabolism and Specialization in Organs
28. DNA Management: Replication, Re-mixing, and Repair
29. Transcription and Cloning of Genetic Material
30. Protein Assembly
31. Wrapping up the Life Cycle of Proteins: Folding, Modifying, and Dismantling
32. Receiving and Transmitting Signals from Outside
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