Understanding Pathophysiology 5th Edition By Huether and McCance-Test Bank

Chapter 06: Adaptive Immunity

Question Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is accountable for triggering clonal selection?
a. Antigens
b. B cells
c. T cells
d. Lymphocytes

ANS: A
Clonal selection is initiated by antigens.
T cells play a role in the immune response but do not trigger clonal selection.
B cells are related to antibodies, not initiating clonal selection.
Lymphocytes are immature cells released into circulation that react with antigens.

REF: p. 144

2. Following the lesson on B cells, which statement shows successful teaching? B cells are originally developed from cells in the:
a. Bone marrow
b. Thymus
c. Lymph nodes
d. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue

ANS: A
B cells originate from the bone marrow.
B cells come from the bone marrow, not the lymph nodes.
B cells come from the bone marrow, not the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
B cells come from the bone marrow, not the thymus.

REF: p. 147

3. A 6-year-old girl is diagnosed with a bacterial respiratory system infection. Which component is most likely to combat the antigen?
a. Antibodies
b. Cytotoxic T cells
c. Self-antigens
d. Helper T cells

ANS: A
Antibodies, produced by plasma cells from B lymphocytes, respond to antigens.
Antibodies, produced by plasma cells from B lymphocytes, respond to antigens. Cytotoxic T cells do not combat antigens.
Antibodies, produced by plasma cells from B lymphocytes, respond to antigens. Self-antigens do not combat antigens.
Antibodies, produced by plasma cells from B lymphocytes, respond to antigens. Helper T cells do not combat antigens.

REF: p. 147 | p. 149

4. What type of immunity does the fetus receive when immunoglobulin crosses the placenta?
a. Passive
b. Active
c. Innate
d. Cell-mediated

ANS: B
Maternal antibodies passing through the placenta provide passive systemic immunity.
Maternal antibodies passing through the placenta provide passive systemic immunity, not active immunity.
Maternal antibodies passing through the placenta provide passive systemic immunity, not innate immunity.
Maternal antibodies passing through the placenta provide passive systemic immunity, not cell-mediated immunity.

REF: p. 145

5. An immunologist isolates a molecule from the human body for study. It reacts with antibodies on B cells and is large and chemically diverse. What is the molecule?
a. Antigen
b. Immunogen
c. Epitope
d. Paratope

ANS: A
Antibodies interact with antigens.
Antibodies interact with antigens, not immunogen.
Antibodies interact with antigens, not epitopes.
Antibodies interact with antigens, not paratopes.

REF: p. 147

6. Which statement correctly explains antibodies? The most prevalent antibody class in serum is:
a. IgG
b. IgM
c. IgA
d. IgE

ANS: A
IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin class in blood, constituting 80% to 85%.
IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin class in blood, not IgM.
IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin class in blood, not IgA.
IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin class in blood, not IgE.

REF: p. 147

7. The dominant antibody in a typical primary immune response is:
a. IgM
b. IgG
c. IgA
d. IgE

ANS: B
IgM is the largest immunoglobulin and the initial antibody produced in response to antigens.
IgM, not IgG, is the largest immunoglobulin and the initial antibody produced in response to antigens.
IgM, not IgA, is the largest immunoglobulin and the initial antibody produced in response to antigens.
IgM, not IgE, is the largest immunoglobulin and the initial antibody produced in response to antigens.

REF: p. 147

8. The primary role of IgA1 to prevent infections is in the:
a. Blood
b. Kidneys
c. Lungs
d. Mucous membranes

ANS: A
IgA1 is primarily found in the blood.
IgA1 is primarily found in the blood, not the kidneys.
IgA1 is primarily found in the blood, not the lungs.
IgA1 is primarily found in the blood, not the mucous membranes.

REF: p. 147

9. A 23-year-old pregnant woman in her final prenatal checkup is detected with fetal infection. What is elevated in the newborn?
a. IgM
b. IgA
c. IgG
d. IgD

ANS: C
Infections in utero may lead to increased IgM synthesis in neonates.
IgM, not IgG, is early in neonates due to infections in utero.
IgM, not IgA, is early in neonates due to infections in utero.
IgM, not IgD, is early in neonates due to infections in utero.

REF: p. 149

10. Which antibody part is accountable for the biological functions of antibodies?
a. Fc portion
b. Heavy chain
c. Variable region
d. Epitope

ANS: A
The Fc portion is responsible for most antibody functions.
The Fc portion is responsible for most antibody functions, not the heavy chain.
The Fc portion is responsible for most antibody functions, not the variable region.
The Fc portion is responsible for most antibody functions, not the epitope.

REF: p. 149